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Barone Ricasoli

How to Say It

Barone Ricasoli, founded in 1141, is the oldest continuously operating winery in Italy and one of the four oldest businesses in the world. Operating from the medieval Brolio Castle in Gaiole in Chianti, the estate spans 1,200 hectares with 235 to 240 hectares under vine. The family reclaimed full control from Seagram in 1993 under Francesco Ricasoli, the 32nd Baron.

Key Facts
  • Founded in 1141; the oldest continuously operating winery in Italy and one of the four oldest businesses in the world
  • Baron Bettino Ricasoli formulated the modern Chianti Classico blend in 1872 after 30 years of research: 70% Sangiovese, 20% Canaiolo, 10% white grapes
  • The estate covers 1,200 hectares total, with 235 to 240 hectares of vineyards at 260 to 500 meters elevation
  • Flagship wine is Castello di Brolio Gran Selezione, made from 100% Sangiovese
  • The family sold the brand to Seagram in the 1960s but regained full control in 1993 under Francesco Ricasoli
  • 19 distinct soil types have been identified on the property through extensive vineyard mapping
  • Baron Bettino Ricasoli served twice as Prime Minister of unified Italy (1861 to 1862 and 1866 to 1867)

📜A History Measured in Centuries

The Ricasoli family has owned Brolio Castle since 1141, with documented winemaking stretching back to at least the 1500s. By the 1600s, the estate was already exporting wine to Amsterdam and England. The family's most consequential contribution came in 1872, when Baron Bettino Ricasoli, known as the Iron Baron, formalized a Chianti Classico blend after three decades of research. That formula, built on Sangiovese with Canaiolo and white grapes, became the foundation for modern Chianti Classico regulations. Bettino Ricasoli was also a statesman of considerable stature, serving twice as Prime Minister of unified Italy.

  • Castle ownership documented from 1141; the Ricasoli family traced back to the 7th century
  • Wine exports to Amsterdam and England recorded in the 1600s
  • Bettino Ricasoli's 1872 formula established Sangiovese as the backbone of Chianti Classico
  • Brolio Castle was reinforced by Renaissance architect Giuliano da Sangallo in the late 15th century

🍷The Estate Today

Francesco Ricasoli, the 32nd Baron, restored full family ownership in 1993 after repurchasing the brand from Seagram. Under his direction, Barone Ricasoli has become the largest estate in Chianti Classico and a leader in vineyard research. The estate spans the communes of Gaiole in Chianti and Castelnuovo Berardenga, with vineyards planted across diverse elevations and exposures. Single-vineyard crus including Colledilà, Roncicone, and CeniPrimo express distinct terroir characteristics, and the estate holds Equalitas certification for its sustainable and biodynamic vineyard practices.

  • Francesco Ricasoli has led the estate as President since 1993
  • The estate is the largest and oldest in Chianti Classico
  • Named crus include Colledilà, Roncicone, and CeniPrimo
  • Equalitas certification reflects the estate's commitment to sustainable and biodynamic farming
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🌱Terroir and Soils

The estate's vineyards sit at elevations ranging from 260 to 500 meters above sea level across the rolling hills of Gaiole in Chianti, where a Mediterranean climate combines with diverse microclimates created by varying exposures. Soil mapping has identified 19 distinct soil types on the property. The primary soil types include Macigno del Chianti (sandstone), Scaglia Toscana (Galestro), and Monte Morello (Alberese), alongside marine deposits, marl, and sandstone. Stony fragments throughout these soils contribute mineral richness to the wines.

  • Vineyards range from 260 to 500 meters above sea level
  • 19 distinct soil types identified through systematic mapping
  • Key soils: Macigno del Chianti (sandstone), Scaglia Toscana (Galestro), Monte Morello (Alberese)
  • Mediterranean climate with diverse microclimates across the estate's varied exposures
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🍇Wines and Range

Sangiovese anchors the estate's output, expressed across Chianti Classico, Chianti Classico Riserva, and the flagship Castello di Brolio Gran Selezione, which is made from 100% Sangiovese. The estate also produces IGT Toscana Super Tuscan wines using international varieties including Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon. White wines made from Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc, a rosé, Vin Santo, and passito wines round out the portfolio. Traditional varieties Canaiolo, Trebbiano, and Malvasia are also grown on the estate.

  • Castello di Brolio Gran Selezione is the flagship wine, 100% Sangiovese
  • Range includes Chianti Classico, Riserva, Gran Selezione, and IGT Super Tuscans
  • White wines produced from Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc
  • Traditional varieties Canaiolo, Trebbiano, and Malvasia remain part of the estate's plantings
Flavor Profile

Castello di Brolio Gran Selezione and the estate's top Sangiovese wines show dark cherry, dried herbs, leather, and earthy minerality with firm, well-structured tannins and bright acidity typical of Gaiole in Chianti's higher elevations. The stony, mineral-rich soils contribute a distinct savory backbone.

Food Pairings
Bistecca alla FiorentinaWild boar pappardelleAged Pecorino ToscanoLamb with rosemaryTruffle risottoBraised short rib
Wines to Try
  • Barone Ricasoli Brolio Chianti Classico$20-30
    Estate-level Chianti Classico showing classic Sangiovese character from the full Brolio terroir.Find →
  • Barone Ricasoli Chianti Classico Riserva$30-45
    Extended aging delivers deeper structure and complexity while remaining true to Sangiovese's savory core.Find →
  • Barone Ricasoli Castello di Brolio Gran Selezione$70-90
    The flagship 100% Sangiovese Gran Selezione, sourced from the historic Brolio estate's finest blocks.Find →
  • Barone Ricasoli Colledilà Gran Selezione$90-120
    Single-vineyard cru Gran Selezione expressing distinct terroir from one of the estate's named parcels.Find →
How to Say It
Barone Ricasoliba-RO-neh ree-KA-zo-lee
BrolioBROL-yo
Gaiole in Chiantiguy-OH-leh in kee-AN-tee
Gran Selezionegran seh-leh-TSYO-neh
Galestroga-LES-tro
Canaioloka-na-YO-lo
📝Exam Study NotesWSET / CMS
  • Founded 1141; oldest continuously operating winery in Italy and one of the four oldest businesses in the world
  • Baron Bettino Ricasoli created the 1872 Chianti formula: 70% Sangiovese, 20% Canaiolo, 10% white grapes, forming the basis of modern Chianti Classico DOCG regulations
  • Estate covers 1,200 hectares with 235 to 240 hectares of vineyards across Gaiole in Chianti and Castelnuovo Berardenga communes
  • Flagship Castello di Brolio Gran Selezione is 100% Sangiovese; estate also produces Riserva, standard Chianti Classico, IGT Super Tuscans, and Vin Santo
  • Family sold brand to Seagram in the 1960s; Francesco Ricasoli (32nd Baron) restored full family control in 1993